Periodontal Maintenance in Wilmington, DE
Periodontal Disease Explained: Symptoms, Causes & Risks
Periodontal (gum) disease is a bacterial infection that damages the tissues and bone supporting your teeth. It begins with plaque — a sticky, colorless film that constantly forms around the gumline. If plaque isn’t removed through proper brushing and flossing, it hardens into tartar (calculus) and leads to inflammation, infection, and bone loss.
Adults over 35 lose more teeth to gum disease than cavities. While good oral hygiene prevents many cases, some people are more genetically or medically susceptible and require ongoing professional care.
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What Causes Gum Disease? Key Risk Factors to Know
Gum disease is primarily caused by plaque bacteria, but several factors can increase your risk or speed up its progression:
- Smoking and tobacco use
- Diabetes
- Stress
- Teeth grinding or clenching
- Certain medications
- Poor nutrition
- Hormonal changes
As bacteria release toxins, the gums become red, swollen, and bleed easily. Over time, the gums pull away from the teeth, forming pockets where bacteria grow deeper. Without treatment, the bone supporting your teeth begins to break down, which can eventually lead to tooth loss.
Gum Disease Prevention & Periodontal Maintenance Care
The best defense against gum disease is daily brushing, flossing, and regular professional care.
Once gum disease has developed, standard cleanings are no longer enough. Periodontal maintenance is a specialized ongoing program that includes:
- Deep cleaning of gum pockets
- Monitoring gum and bone health
- Removing bacterial buildup below the gumline
- Preventing further bone and tissue loss
Even with great home care, professional periodontal maintenance is often necessary to control the disease and protect your natural teeth long-term.
